VersionControlSystem

Wikipedia definition begins by saying:

Revision control (also known as version control, source control or (source) code management (SCM)) is the management of multiple revisions of the same unit of information. It is most commonly used in engineering and software development to manage ongoing development of digital documents like application source code, art resources such as blueprints or electronic models and other critical information that may be worked on by a team of people. Changes to these documents are identified by incrementing an associated number or letter code, termed the "revision number", "revision level", or simply "revision" and associated historically with the person making the change. A simple form of revision control, for example, has the initial issue of a drawing assigned the revision number "1". When the first change is made, the revision number is incremented to "2" and so on.

I have most often used CVS and SVN as well as the proprietary Clear Case when installed on some projects.

Now I am into Git and cogito and the whole subject of DSCM (DistributedSourceCodeManagement) systems, which is more recent, modern, agile and, apart from OpenSource, really into what we find ourselves doing on real projects!